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Chemical fertilizers are chemical compounds that contain nutritional elements necessary for plant growth and development. These compounds contain essential elements that support plant growth, bring an abundant food source for humanity. Let’s explore more deeply with Dong A Chemical about this important fertilizer and its role in agriculture.
Answer: What is chemical fertilizer?
Chemical fertilizers are chemical compounds created to provide necessary nutritional elements for plants. They are produced industrially and are often used to add nutrients to the soil, helping plants grow healthily and increase productivity.
Answer: What is chemical fertilizer?
Main ingredient of chemical fertilizer
The main nutritional elements found in chemical fertilizers include:
Nitrogen (N): Helps plants develop leaves and stems, increase photosynthesis ability.
Phosphorus (P): Helps plants flower, fruit, and develop roots.
Potassium (K): Helps plants become sturdy, resistant to pests, and increases drought tolerance.
Micronutrients: Other elements such as iron, zinc, copper, boron… help plants develop comprehensively.
Characteristics of chemical fertilizers
Existence form: Usually in powder, granule or solution form.
Solubility: Can be soluble in water or insoluble, depending on the type of fertilizer.
Nutritional content: Depending on the type of fertilizer and purpose of use, the nutritional content of each type of fertilizer will be different.
Effect: Quickly provides nutrients to plants, helps plants grow quickly and produce high yields.
Impact on the environment: If used incorrectly, chemical fertilizers can pollute the soil, water and air.
Common types of chemical fertilizers
Their chemical fertilizers are produced industrially and play an important role in increasing agricultural productivity. Below are common types of chemical fertilizers and their roles:
There are many different types of chemical fertilizers
1. Nitrogen fertilizer (N)
Nitrogen fertilizer provides nitrogen, helping plants grow leaves and stems and increase photosynthesis.
2. Phosphorus fertilizer (P)
Phosphorus fertilizer provides phosphorus, helping plants flower, fruit and develop roots.
3. Potassium fertilizer (K)
Potassium fertilizer provides potassium, helping plants become strong, resistant to pests and increase drought tolerance.
4. Complex stools
Complex fertilizer is a type of fertilizer that contains two or more nutritional elements. They often contain NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium).
5. Micronutrient fertilizers
Micronutrient fertilizers provide trace elements such as iron, zinc, copper, boron… to help plants develop comprehensively.
Chemical fertilizer production process
The chemical fertilizer production process may vary depending on the type of fertilizer and production technology of each factory. However, in general, the chemical fertilizer production process usually includes the following steps:
Chemical fertilizer production process
1. Prepare ingredients
Main raw materials: The main raw materials for fertilizer production include:
Nitrogen: Obtained from the atmosphere or nitrogen-containing compounds such as ammonia.
Phosphorus: Comes from phosphate ore.
Potassium: Comes from potassium ore.
Sulfur: Used to produce sulfuric acid, an important substance in the fertilizer production process.
Auxiliary materials: Other additives such as fillers, adhesives, antifreeze…
2. Production of intermediate compounds
Sulfuric acid: Produced from sulfur and oxygen.
Ammonia: Produced from nitrogen and hydrogen.
Nitric acid: Produced from ammonia and oxygen.
Phosphoric acid: Produced from phosphate ore and sulfuric acid.
3. Synthesis of fertilizers
Granulation: The intermediate compounds are mixed and form particles of uniform size.
Drying: The manure granules are dried to reduce moisture and increase storage time.
Cooling: After drying, the manure is cooled to avoid grain breakage.
Packaging: Manure is bagged and transported to warehouses or points of sale.
Advantages and disadvantages of chemical fertilizers
Chemical fertilizer is an important tool in agriculture, helping to increase crop productivity and quality. However, using chemical fertilizers also comes with certain advantages and disadvantages.
Advantages and disadvantages of chemical fertilizers
Advantages of chemical fertilizers
Increase crop productivity: Chemical fertilizers quickly and accurately provide necessary nutrients for plants, helping plants grow quickly and yield high yields.
Improve the quality of agricultural products: Fertilizers help plants grow healthily, producing uniform and higher quality products.
Easy to use and preserve: Chemical fertilizers are usually in powder or granular form, easy to use and preserve.
Product diversity: There are many different types of chemical fertilizers with different nutritional contents, suitable for each type of crop and soil conditions.
Disadvantages of chemical fertilizers
Causes environmental pollution:
Water pollution: Fertilizers dissolve in water and can pollute underground and ground water sources, reducing water quality.
Soil pollution: Using too much or improper fertilizer can reduce soil fertility, causing soil acidification and salinization.
Air pollution: The production and use of fertilizers can release toxic gases, causing air pollution.
Effects on human health:
Direct contact with fertilizer can cause skin and eye irritation.
Using too much food grown with chemical fertilizers can be harmful to your health.
Unbalance the ecosystem: Excessive use of chemical fertilizers can cause an imbalance in the soil ecosystem, harming beneficial organisms in the soil.
Increase production costs: Regular use of chemical fertilizers will increase production costs.
Application of chemical fertilizers in agriculture
Chemical fertilizers play an extremely important role in modern agriculture. Thanks to the quick and accurate supply of necessary nutrients, chemical fertilizers have contributed to significantly increasing productivity and quality of agricultural products. Below are some specific applications of chemical fertilizers in agriculture:
Application of chemical fertilizers in agriculture
1. Increase productivity:
Providing adequate nutrition: Chemical fertilizers supplement essential nutritional elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients to help plants grow healthily and produce high yields.
Increase growth speed: Thanks to fertilizer, plants grow faster, shortening growth and harvest time.
2. Improve agricultural product quality:
Increase nutrient content: Fertilizer helps increase protein, vitamin, and mineral content in agricultural products, improving nutritional value.
Improve color and size: Agricultural products grown with fertilizers often have beautiful colors and uniform sizes, attractive to consumers.
3. Adjust soil pH:
4. Restore soil:
After harvesting, fertilizer helps replenish nutrients that have been absorbed by plants, helping the soil quickly recover.
5. Cultivation according to seasons:
Thanks to fertilizer, farmers can grow many crops a year, increasing their income.
How to use chemical fertilizers effectively
Using chemical fertilizers properly is an important factor to increase crop productivity and quality, while protecting the environment. Here are some detailed instructions:
1. Determine the nutritional needs of plants:
Soil analysis: Test the available nutrient content in the soil to determine the amount of additional fertilizer needed.
Observe plants: Observe symptoms of nutritional deficiencies in plants to adjust the amount and type of fertilizer accordingly.
2. Choose the right fertilizer:
Single fertilizer: Use when plants lack a specific nutritional element (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium).
Dual fertilizer: Use when plants need to supplement many nutrients at the same time (NPK).
Micronutrient fertilizer: Supplement essential trace elements for plants.
3. Determine fertilizer dosage:
Refer to recommendations: Consult the manufacturer’s instructions or agricultural experts to determine the appropriate dosage for each crop type and growth stage.
Do not fertilize too much: Applying too much fertilizer will cause waste, pollute the environment and can harm plants.
4. Time to fertilize:
Primer fertilization: Apply before sowing seeds or planting seedlings to provide nutrients for the plants right from the start.
Top-dressing: Fertilize during plant growth to meet nutritional needs at each stage.
5. How to fertilize:
Fertilize the base: Spread fertilizer around the base of the tree, then cover with soil.
Fertilize trenches: Dig trenches around the row of trees, fertilize the trenches and then cover with soil.
Foliar fertilization: Dilute the fertilizer and spray it on the leaves.
6. Other notes:
Avoid fertilizing when it rains or the soil is too dry: This will reduce the effectiveness of the fertilizer.
Combined with other farming methods: Crop rotation, organic fertilizers, and use of biological products to improve soil fertility.
Store fertilizer properly: Store fertilizer in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight.
Notes when using chemical fertilizers
When using chemical fertilizers, there are some important notes to keep in mind to achieve the highest efficiency without harming the environment and health:
Do not overuse chemical fertilizers: Using too much fertilizer will pollute the environment, reducing the quality of soil and agricultural products.
Combined with sustainable farming measures: Use organic fertilizers and crop rotation to improve soil fertility.
Learn about fertilizers: Learn about types of fertilizers, their uses and impacts to make the right decisions.
Using chemical fertilizers effectively will help increase productivity and quality of agricultural products, while protecting the environment.
In summary, chemical fertilizers play an important role in modern agriculture, helping to increase productivity and improve product quality. However, the use of chemical fertilizers also requires a clear strategy to protect the environment and public health.
Through the above article by Dong A Chemical, we have discovered the aspects of chemical fertilizers from ingredients, applications to important notes that are the key for farmers to take full advantage of the benefits. benefit from it. Thereby, we not only protect the sustainable development of agriculture but also contribute to building a clean and safe agricultural industry for the future.
Giáo sưNguyễn Lân Dũnglà nhà khoa học hàng đầu Việt Nam trong lĩnh vực vi sinh vật học (wiki), với hơn nửa thế kỷ cống hiến cho giáo dục và nghiên cứu. Ông là con trai Nhà giáo Nhân dân Nguyễn Lân, thuộc gia đình nổi tiếng hiếu học. Giáo sư giữ nhiều vai trò quan trọng như Chủ tịch Hội các ngành Sinh học Việt Nam, Đại biểu Quốc hội và đã được phong tặng danh hiệu Nhà giáo Nhân dân năm 2010.
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