Thước thủy là gì? Tìm hiểu cấu tạo và ứng dụng chi tiết

A level ruler, also known as a nivo ruler, is an indispensable tool in the construction and interior design industry. It helps users measure the tilt and check the balance of surfaces, thereby ensuring the quality and stability of the project. In this article, Dong A will introduce to you in detail what a water ruler is, its operating principle, and its applications in life.

Answer: What is a water ruler?

A level is a fairly common measuring tool, used to check the flatness of a surface. It works on the principle of a small glass tube containing an air bubble inside. When the surface on which the glass ruler is placed is completely flat, the air bubble will be in the center of the glass tube.

Structure

The structure of the water ruler is quite simple, including:

Water ruler structure

Ruler body: Usually made of aluminum or plastic, highly durable and impact resistant. The body of the ruler can have many different shapes, depending on the purpose of use.

Glass tube: This is the most important part of the glass ruler. The glass tube is sealed and contains a special amount of liquid, usually colored, and a small air bubble inside. This liquid can be water or a special oil.

Protective cover: Some types of glass rulers have additional protective covers to protect the glass tube from impact and scratches.

Principle of operation

The operating principle of the water ruler is very simple but effective. This technique is based on the way air bubbles move in glass tubes when a ruler is placed on the surface to be measured. Below are the specific steps in the operation of the water ruler:

Place the ruler on the surface to be measured: When you place the ruler on the surface, air bubbles will move into the tube at a higher level. It is this movement that signals to us whether the surface is balanced or not.

Locate air bubbles: If air bubbles are located in the middle of the tube, the surface being measured is level. On the contrary, if the air bubbles lie to one side, this indicates that the surface is tilted.

Read the results: Depending on the location of the air bubbles, you will be able to determine the specific tilt of the surface. The graduation lines on the body of the ruler help users easily read and evaluate results.

Measurement applications: In the construction industry, maintaining accurate balance and tilt is very important. Small errors can lead to serious problems in building construction.

Thanks to its simple and easy-to-understand principle, the level is always the top choice for those working in the field of construction, architecture and other applications thanks to the accuracy it brings.

Classification of rulers

A level ruler is a simple but extremely useful measurement tool, widely used in many fields, especially construction and interior design. Depending on the structure, operating principle and application, level gauges are divided into many different types. Here are some popular classifications:

There are many different types of rulers

1. Mechanical hydraulic ruler

This is the traditional and most commonly used type of ruler. A hydromechanical ruler operates on the principle of a glass tube containing a liquid and an air bubble. When the surface to be measured is flat, the air bubble will be in the center of the glass tube.

Advantages: Cheap price, easy to use, durable.

Disadvantages: Accuracy is not as high as other types of level gauges, difficult to measure in hard-to-reach locations.

2. Electronic level ruler

The electronic hydrometer uses electronic sensor technology to measure the tilt of the surface and displays the results on the LCD screen. This type of level is more accurate than a mechanical level and is often equipped with additional features such as tilt angle measurement and data storage.

Advantages: High accuracy, easy to read results, many features.

Disadvantages: Higher cost, depends on battery.

3. Laser level ruler

A laser level uses a laser to project a straight line or reference plane. Users only need to align the laser line with the surface to be measured to check flatness.

Advantages: Very high accuracy, wide working range, easy to use.

Disadvantages: High price, easily affected by environmental light.

4. Magnetic level ruler

The magnetic ruler has an additional magnet on the bottom, helping the ruler stick tightly to metal surfaces. This is very convenient when measuring on iron and steel structures.

5. Level measuring scale

This type of level is specifically used to measure the angle of inclination of surfaces. It is often used in construction to check the slope of roofs, road surfaces, or in other industrial applications.

How to use a ruler effectively

To use a ruler effectively, you can refer to the following instructions:

How to use a ruler effectively

Prepare:

Check the glass ruler: Make sure the glass tube is not broken and that air bubbles move flexibly.

Clean the surface to be measured: Remove dirt and obstructions to ensure accurate measurement results.

Set the ruler:

Place the ruler on the surface to be measured, making sure the ruler is firmly in place.

For a level with multiple tubes, place the tubes in the directions that need to be checked.

Observe air bubbles:

If the air bubble is in the center of the glass tube, the surface being measured is flat.

If the air bubble is out of center, the surface is tilting. You can adjust the surface until the air bubble is centered.

Application of water ruler in life

Thanks to the ability to measure the flatness of the surface, the level helps ensure the quality and aesthetics of projects. Below are some specific applications of the ruler:

In construction:

Application in construction

Check flatness:

Wall: Make sure the wall is vertical, not tilted.

Floor: Check the flatness of the floor before installing tiles or wood.

Ceiling: Make sure the ceiling is flat and not sagging.

Columns and beams: Check the verticality and horizontality of the components.

Installing doors and windows: Make sure doors and windows are installed balanced and open and close smoothly.

Roof construction: Check the slope of the roof to ensure rainwater drains quickly.

Pouring concrete: Check the flatness of the concrete surface before and after pouring.

In the interior:

Installing cabinets, tables, chairs: Make sure the furniture is balanced, not tilted.

Hanging pictures and mirrors: Make sure pictures and mirrors are hung in a straight, balanced line.

Installing shelves and bookshelves: Check the flatness of shelves and bookshelves to ensure that objects placed on them do not fall.

In other fields:

Mechanical: Check the flatness of machine parts and machinery.

Measurement: Measure the inclination of surfaces and pipes.

Art: Used in sculptures and paintings to create balanced shapes.

Benefits of using a ruler

Using a level ruler brings many benefits not only technically but also psychologically for workers. Some key benefits include:

Ensuring accuracy: A level level helps determine balance accurately, thereby limiting errors during construction. This is very important, because even a small tilt can lead to big mistakes in the structure.

Easy to use and save time: The simple design of the level allows users to easily operate without needing too much professional knowledge. This helps increase work efficiency and save time.

Reduce psychological pressure: Knowing that you are using a correct tool will help workers feel more confident in their work. This not only creates better products but also reduces psychological stress on large projects.

Portability and durability: A level ruler is usually made of aluminum or other corrosion-resistant materials, making it light and easy to carry. This durability ensures that the tool can be used for a long time under a variety of conditions..

What should you keep in mind when using a ruler?

To ensure accurate measurement results and prolong the life of the ruler, you need to note the following:

What should you keep in mind when using a ruler?

When choosing to buy a ruler:

Quality: Choose a ruler manufactured by reputable brands, with good quality and guaranteed accuracy.

Materials: Level rulers are usually made of aluminum or plastic. You should choose a ruler with durable, impact-resistant material.

Glass tube: The glass tube must be transparent, the air bubbles must move flexibly.

Features: Depending on your needs, you can choose a level ruler with additional features such as tilt angle measurement, LED lights,…

When using a ruler:

Check before use: Before use, check to see if the level is damaged and whether air bubbles move freely.

Clean the surface: The surface to be measured must be clean, free of dirt and obstacles to ensure accurate measurement results.

Place the ruler securely: When placing the ruler on the surface, make sure the ruler is firmly placed and does not move.

Observe air bubbles: When the air bubble is in the center of the glass tube, it means the surface being measured is flat. If the air bubble is out of center, the surface is tilting.

Check multiple points: To ensure accuracy, flatness should be checked at many different points on the surface.

Storage: After use, clean the level and store it in a dry place, away from impact.

Things to avoid:

Dropping the glass ruler: Strong impacts can break the glass tube, affecting the accuracy of the ruler.

Let the glass ruler come into contact with liquid: Water or other liquids can damage the glass tube and affect the measurement results.

Using a level ruler too much: Do not use a level ruler to measure surfaces that are too large or too heavy.

Some other notes:

Electronic level: If using an electronic level, carefully read the instructions for use and store the battery properly.

Laser level: When using a laser level, pay attention to surrounding light and avoid direct light shining on the laser beam.

In short, a level ruler, also known as a nivo ruler, is not only an accurate measurement tool in construction and interior design but also a powerful assistant to help users feel more secure with the quality of construction. yours. Through the information presented in the article, from structure, operating principle, classification, to how to use and choose to buy a level, we have clearly seen the importance of this tool in the industry. daily work.

To ensure success in related projects, understanding and applying the knowledge of hydrometers will be a decisive step. Dong A hopes that, with the above sharing, you will gain a deeper insight into what a water ruler is and its application in practice, thereby achieving accuracy and efficiency in all construction work. and design.